Ways of solving environmental problems.

There are three main areas in which we break the ecosystem of the planet. Burning petroleum products while working a large number of internal combustion engines and power stations, we throw in an atmosphere of combustion gases, primarily carbon dioxide. Huge piles of unprocessed waste, which itself does not decompose, take a lot of space, pollute soil and water, some of it gets into the seas and oceans. Finally, in the mining open pit, quarry, we give a lifeless state of the vast territory.These major problems, respectively, and identified those areas in which is a struggle for the preservation of the environment. First of all, hope to solve the problems associated with the development of energy efficient technologies and bringing up the level of industrial capacity environmentally friendly sources of energy. Development of electric vehicles, expansion of public electric will gradually clear the air of cities. For its part, car companies are working to reduce fuel consumption. We are actively developing electronic systems to control movement, which can minimize the waste of fuel. Solar panels and wind turbines should be reduced, and eventually even reduced to zero, the burning of fuel in thermal power plants that now produce the lion's share of Energy in the world. Moreover, these energy sources are good because they can - in theory - be used everywhere, so with time to drop out the need to build power transmission lines and trunk pipelines. Using these sources in the industry until the question of the future, but it is the first development of residential complexes with a fully self-contained, environmentally sound manner.Any attempt to re-use waste or waste-free processing it is very valuable. Especially considering the fact that much of the garbage, these things are quite useful, discarded simply because they are replaced by new ones. All that can be recycled, recycled to do - this is now the main slogan. First, we further reduce consumption of resources, and secondly, rid the planet of junk. Therefore, there is a whole design direction for the creation of interior items, household items - a light bulb, teapots, furniture, and even entire houses. The aim - to bring to people's minds the idea: do not rush to throw the old thing, showing the share of imagination, you can give it a second life.Of course, the trash is only a small part of the problem. To give more waste industry.Waste treatment plants in special garbage collector can be obtained from an analogue of natural gas, which can be used instead of fuel.All of these areas, despite notable successes in recent years, solve only part of the problem. There is still an unresolved issue remains pereabotka plastic and rubber. A huge number of whole tires creates garbage mountains around the major European capitals. A proportion of legikh plastics packages, bottles and packaging by weight up to 30% of all waste. Great hopes are pinned on biotechnology, which would like to believe they will either recycle the debris, or somehow integrate them into the environment.

Ecology - a comprehensive science!

Ecology - a complex science. Speaking in a nutshell, it examines the relationship between the animate and inanimate nature. Wildlife - are living organisms (plants, animals, fungi, viruses) and their community. Inanimate nature - it is the habitat in which all living things (including people) there. Two Greek word "oikos" (house) and "logos" (the science) are the name of science "ecology" - means the science of the house. For a man - a residential building, for animals - forest, field, mountain, for the fish - sea, lakes and rivers. For all together - a whole planet. Shared accommodation is sometimes like a fight for survival in space and time in natural and artificially modified human conditions. Ecology is designed to explore all the intricacies of the process of co-existence of individual residents of our great "utility" of the apartment and the impact on each other.Life on Earth is in full swing everywhere. Flora and fauna exists not for itself, it depends on its environment (climate, soil, water and air temperatures). In the long process of historical development of plants and animals have learned to adapt to existing environmental conditions.Many people mistakenly believe that ecology studies the issues related only to the environment. This occurred because of an incorrect interpretation of the implications of thoughtless human influence on the environment.In fact, the environment affects a much larger range of issues. So what matters is studying ecology?A. By nature environment in which organisms live. Highlights - is the climate and natural resources. Natural disasters (earthquakes, hurricanes, the collapse) often lead to a breach of customary life, turning everything around.Two. Mutual existence of living organisms and their communities in the world among themselves. Violation of the settled nature of the equilibrium between the different living organisms (plants and herbivores feeding on them, herbivores and predators).Three. Man's relation to nature is also the subject of study. Occurring in the nature of the changes due to human intervention (deforestation, construction of dams, construction of industrial plants ...). This violates the nature of nature, pollute the surrounding world, which has a negative effect on all life, including in humans.The main target of scientific research ecologists - nature itself. Environmentalists are watching what is happening not only in the field, leaving the expedition, but also in the stationary (laboratory) conditions. Long-term observations are accompanied by conducting laboratory experiments, followed by the extension of scientific theories to explain the phenomena occurring.Only by studying all the issues in the complex, you can get a full picture of what is happening, to be able to predict the course of further development.Only in recent time, mankind has been thinking about the importance of environmental issues. Due to the results produced by research, you can try to anticipate and learn how to prevent a devastating impact of negative factors. Environmental literacy is relevant to modern people.

Urban environmental problems.

Today's mega-cities - a center of trade and industry. Increasingly, citizens criticized large companies for polluting the environment, but in fact they harm - this is only part of the chain of the environmental problems that have long been settled in large cities.Initially, large industrial enterprises were built on the periphery of cities, but the expansion of residential areas has led to what people have to live side by side with the often injurious productions. Emissions of chemicals in the urban sky citizens make life unbearable. At best, people feel an unpleasant smell, and at worst - feel unwell due to poisoning of the body. Even if the company is not located in close proximity to residential neighborhoods, it's still poison the environment for several kilometers around. Emissions from the huge pipes of factories picked up by wind and rain cover in the form of the next areas. Wastewater, which often have a poisonous yellow, rushing small streams to large rivers, into the soil.Another environmental problem in cities are the exhaust gases of millions of cars that are daily in the many kilometers of traffic jams. Environmentally friendly cars who travel on an environmentally friendly fuel - now rather distant prospect, despite the high level of science in modern society. Change to bicycles and public transport cities residents do not want, and, hence, this problem does not lose its relevance for a long time. Exhaust gases in the degree of harmful impact on the environment ahead of the mills and factories. Harmful volatile substances in their composition have an adverse impact not only on the human body, but also to plants and animals, the city band. Affects the respiratory tract, reduced the required level of oxygen in the blood. Hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas can cause headaches, which have become familiar to urban dwellers.Considerable damage to the cities causing landfills. Tons of waste instead of processed, are delivered to the overcrowded landfills, or people have to breathe the smell of garbage piles, from the comfort of their own households. A terrible smell and crowds of rats - it's not the most terrible consequences uncollected garbage. Quite often, discarded wastes which contain toxic substances and therefore require special disposal.Build refineries are too expensive, easier to allocate new space for landfills and "enjoy" the new garbage mountain peaks that grow in the short term. The trees are cut down, giving way to high-rise buildings and large shopping centers, reducing the flow of air into the lungs of citizens.The modern city is being blackened lungs with patients with a dense cap of smog over the heads of its inhabitants. Key environmental issues are added washing machines in urban ponds, picnics in the parks, which make the already sparse green areas in the smaller versions of urban landfills.Mindless consumerism and the environment leads to a slow self-destruction of urban residents, which will last you as long as people do not realize the importance of solving existing environmental problems.

Discovered a new oil slick in the Gulf of Mexico !

Oil stain was found in the center of the Gulf of Mexico drilling platforms near theNetherlands-British company Royal Dutch Shell. As reported by the company on Wednesday, the remediation has already entered a special purifying vessel. In order tomonitor the situation involved aircraft.

In a statement the company says that the cause of the oil slick, which measuresapproximately 16 by 1.6 kilometers, are still unknown, but they are not connected with the objects of Shell in the region.

"Information that the cause of the oil film could be located in this area of our wells in the fields of" Mars "and" Ursa ", no. However, as a precautionary measure we decided tocall the purifying vessel," - said in a statement.

Shell reported the incident to a specialized service in the United States Coast Guard, is engaged in monitoring the oil leakage. Representatives of the Service does not comment on the situation, ITAR-TASS reported.

Appeared on the Angara River 10-mile oil slick!

Because of the illegal tapping of oil mills one of the Irkutsk region in the Angara River fell about 2 tons of oil, formed a slick 10 kilometers long, which goes to the three settlements in the region, said Wednesday at a local State Emergency.

The report on the oil slick has received about 19.00 (14.00 GMT). "According to some data, found a spot about ten miles long, the estimated mass of spilled diesel fuel - two tons," - said in a statement.
In connection with the incident was halted withdrawals Cheremkhovo district, located downstream of the Angara River and provides drinking water to cool the city Cheremkhovo (55 000 inhabitants), Svirsky (14 thousand 300 inhabitants) and the village Mikhaylovka (7000 500 inhabitants), RIA "Novosti" .
Meanwhile, as has been found and eliminated the illegal tie-in pipeline, which was made at the plant Rosrezerva "Baikal" in Usolye-Siberian. At the present time, "the expiration of oil dropped."To place a group of emergency rescue workers went to the booms and 300 kilograms of sorbent. In place of the departed as director of the Angarsk branch "Vostoknefteprovod."
The situation is under control of the Irkutsk Region Governor Dmitry Mezentsev. "The question on the water supply of a water carrier for the population. Informing the public is done through the control of the company. Heating of the population is in normal mode.Threats to life of the population there, "- the report says.

Aral Sea

Karakalpakstan, in the south. In translation the name sounds like "Sea of ​​Islands", as it more than 1,500 islands. Since the 1960s, the water level in the Aral Sea began to plummet, due to the fact that the bed of rivers flowing into the sea, were changed by the Soviet Union for irrigation. In 2004, the sea remains only a quarter of its original area, and is five times increased its salinity, which killed most of the characteristic of a species of flora and fauna.The Aral Sea is also polluted, largely due to weapons testing, industrial projects, and agricultural waste discharges. Not 
uncommon, and there are dust storms. Currently, Kazakhstan has a lot of work to restore the Aral Sea. The main environmental problem is that changing the channel the Syr Darya and Amu Darya rivers for irrigation greatly reduced the area of ​​the Aral Sea. The Aral Sea dried out for fifty years, calling for the sea and the region.many environmental and economic problems. In 1918, the Soviet government decided that the rivers Amu Darya and Syr Darya, flowing into the Aral Sea will change the channel to irrigate the desert, which would be used for agriculture. Large scale construction of irrigation canals has taken in the 1940s. Most of the irrigation canals were terrible quality, they allow water to evaporate or seep. The greatest in the middle of the Karakum Canal Asia lost because of this more than 50% water. By the 60th year, approximately 40,000 cubic meters of water annually went into the ground instead of the sea. Due to the explosion of water, the Aral sea began to shrink rapidly. In the period from 1961 to 1970, the water level in the Aral Sea each year decreased by 20 cm, from 1971 to 1980 in the 60-70 cm per year, and the 80th year this figure had reached 90 cm per year. The area of ​​the sea has decreased by 60%, and its volume by 80%. In 1960, the Aral Sea was the fourth lake in the world's largest, and had an area of ​​about 68,000 km and a volume of 1100 square meters. miles. By 1998, the lake was reduced to 28,687 km, and has become the eighth largest. By this time, its salinity has increased from 10 gr. / Liter. to 45 gr. / liter. In 1987, due to the ongoing shoaling, the sea split into two parts, the North Aral and South Aral Sea. Artificial channel was dug to connect them, but the relationship ended in 1999, as both parts of the sea continued to decline. In 2003, the South Aral Sea is still divided on the eastern and western part. At present, the evaporation of the Northern Aral Sea decreased. We are working on its restoration. In October 2003, the Kazakh government announced the start of construction of the dam (Dam Kokaral) to separate the two parts of the Aral Sea. In August 2005 construction of the dam was completed, after which the water level in the Northern Aral Sea has risen and its salinity has decreased. In 2006 there were a significant rise in sea level, even more than expected. In January 1994, the countries of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan signed an agreement, under which 1% of their national budgets allocated to address the problems of the sea.

Pollution of the Baltic Sea !

The main environmental problem in the Baltic Sea is its pollution. After the Second World War in the Baltic Sea were dropped about 3 million tons chemical weapons, which contained 14 highly toxic substances. At that time no one thought much about what consequences it may bring, and yet, even now, researchers have noted increased levels of these substances into the sea. And no one knows how many there will be ten - fifteen years ...The sea hides in its depths and radioactive substances. For a long time in the Baltic Sea through the Danish straits received radionuclides, which are dumped nuclear - processing plants in Western Europe. The accident at Chernobyl in 1986 greatly affected the radiation situation in the Baltic Sea. In the sea got a huge amount of radioactive substances (mainly cesium and strontium). Also in the depths of the Baltic Sea lies somewhat sunken nuclear submarines. All this has led to the fact that the fish caught in the Baltic Sea, the content of strontium and cesium to 5 times higher than normal.In the third part of the Baltic Sea at depths of 40-60 meters of oxygen in water is almost there, but almost everywhere there are toxic gases - hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen and phosphorus, in some places at the bottom of the Baltic Sea formed the so-called "death zone", the concentration of toxic substances in They are so great that there can not exist a single living organism.The situation is greatly exacerbated by the fact that the self-purification of water in the sea is very slow, as reported to the Baltic Sea to the North, just across the narrow Danish straits. For 70 years, the ecological situation on the sea very much worse, and while maintaining the same rate of contamination in 10 years, the water can not be used for food, and fauna of the risk of disappearing for ever .....