Ways of solving environmental problems.

There are three main areas in which we break the ecosystem of the planet. Burning petroleum products while working a large number of internal combustion engines and power stations, we throw in an atmosphere of combustion gases, primarily carbon dioxide. Huge piles of unprocessed waste, which itself does not decompose, take a lot of space, pollute soil and water, some of it gets into the seas and oceans. Finally, in the mining open pit, quarry, we give a lifeless state of the vast territory.These major problems, respectively, and identified those areas in which is a struggle for the preservation of the environment. First of all, hope to solve the problems associated with the development of energy efficient technologies and bringing up the level of industrial capacity environmentally friendly sources of energy. Development of electric vehicles, expansion of public electric will gradually clear the air of cities. For its part, car companies are working to reduce fuel consumption. We are actively developing electronic systems to control movement, which can minimize the waste of fuel. Solar panels and wind turbines should be reduced, and eventually even reduced to zero, the burning of fuel in thermal power plants that now produce the lion's share of Energy in the world. Moreover, these energy sources are good because they can - in theory - be used everywhere, so with time to drop out the need to build power transmission lines and trunk pipelines. Using these sources in the industry until the question of the future, but it is the first development of residential complexes with a fully self-contained, environmentally sound manner.Any attempt to re-use waste or waste-free processing it is very valuable. Especially considering the fact that much of the garbage, these things are quite useful, discarded simply because they are replaced by new ones. All that can be recycled, recycled to do - this is now the main slogan. First, we further reduce consumption of resources, and secondly, rid the planet of junk. Therefore, there is a whole design direction for the creation of interior items, household items - a light bulb, teapots, furniture, and even entire houses. The aim - to bring to people's minds the idea: do not rush to throw the old thing, showing the share of imagination, you can give it a second life.Of course, the trash is only a small part of the problem. To give more waste industry.Waste treatment plants in special garbage collector can be obtained from an analogue of natural gas, which can be used instead of fuel.All of these areas, despite notable successes in recent years, solve only part of the problem. There is still an unresolved issue remains pereabotka plastic and rubber. A huge number of whole tires creates garbage mountains around the major European capitals. A proportion of legikh plastics packages, bottles and packaging by weight up to 30% of all waste. Great hopes are pinned on biotechnology, which would like to believe they will either recycle the debris, or somehow integrate them into the environment.

Ecology - a comprehensive science!

Ecology - a complex science. Speaking in a nutshell, it examines the relationship between the animate and inanimate nature. Wildlife - are living organisms (plants, animals, fungi, viruses) and their community. Inanimate nature - it is the habitat in which all living things (including people) there. Two Greek word "oikos" (house) and "logos" (the science) are the name of science "ecology" - means the science of the house. For a man - a residential building, for animals - forest, field, mountain, for the fish - sea, lakes and rivers. For all together - a whole planet. Shared accommodation is sometimes like a fight for survival in space and time in natural and artificially modified human conditions. Ecology is designed to explore all the intricacies of the process of co-existence of individual residents of our great "utility" of the apartment and the impact on each other.Life on Earth is in full swing everywhere. Flora and fauna exists not for itself, it depends on its environment (climate, soil, water and air temperatures). In the long process of historical development of plants and animals have learned to adapt to existing environmental conditions.Many people mistakenly believe that ecology studies the issues related only to the environment. This occurred because of an incorrect interpretation of the implications of thoughtless human influence on the environment.In fact, the environment affects a much larger range of issues. So what matters is studying ecology?A. By nature environment in which organisms live. Highlights - is the climate and natural resources. Natural disasters (earthquakes, hurricanes, the collapse) often lead to a breach of customary life, turning everything around.Two. Mutual existence of living organisms and their communities in the world among themselves. Violation of the settled nature of the equilibrium between the different living organisms (plants and herbivores feeding on them, herbivores and predators).Three. Man's relation to nature is also the subject of study. Occurring in the nature of the changes due to human intervention (deforestation, construction of dams, construction of industrial plants ...). This violates the nature of nature, pollute the surrounding world, which has a negative effect on all life, including in humans.The main target of scientific research ecologists - nature itself. Environmentalists are watching what is happening not only in the field, leaving the expedition, but also in the stationary (laboratory) conditions. Long-term observations are accompanied by conducting laboratory experiments, followed by the extension of scientific theories to explain the phenomena occurring.Only by studying all the issues in the complex, you can get a full picture of what is happening, to be able to predict the course of further development.Only in recent time, mankind has been thinking about the importance of environmental issues. Due to the results produced by research, you can try to anticipate and learn how to prevent a devastating impact of negative factors. Environmental literacy is relevant to modern people.

Urban environmental problems.

Today's mega-cities - a center of trade and industry. Increasingly, citizens criticized large companies for polluting the environment, but in fact they harm - this is only part of the chain of the environmental problems that have long been settled in large cities.Initially, large industrial enterprises were built on the periphery of cities, but the expansion of residential areas has led to what people have to live side by side with the often injurious productions. Emissions of chemicals in the urban sky citizens make life unbearable. At best, people feel an unpleasant smell, and at worst - feel unwell due to poisoning of the body. Even if the company is not located in close proximity to residential neighborhoods, it's still poison the environment for several kilometers around. Emissions from the huge pipes of factories picked up by wind and rain cover in the form of the next areas. Wastewater, which often have a poisonous yellow, rushing small streams to large rivers, into the soil.Another environmental problem in cities are the exhaust gases of millions of cars that are daily in the many kilometers of traffic jams. Environmentally friendly cars who travel on an environmentally friendly fuel - now rather distant prospect, despite the high level of science in modern society. Change to bicycles and public transport cities residents do not want, and, hence, this problem does not lose its relevance for a long time. Exhaust gases in the degree of harmful impact on the environment ahead of the mills and factories. Harmful volatile substances in their composition have an adverse impact not only on the human body, but also to plants and animals, the city band. Affects the respiratory tract, reduced the required level of oxygen in the blood. Hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas can cause headaches, which have become familiar to urban dwellers.Considerable damage to the cities causing landfills. Tons of waste instead of processed, are delivered to the overcrowded landfills, or people have to breathe the smell of garbage piles, from the comfort of their own households. A terrible smell and crowds of rats - it's not the most terrible consequences uncollected garbage. Quite often, discarded wastes which contain toxic substances and therefore require special disposal.Build refineries are too expensive, easier to allocate new space for landfills and "enjoy" the new garbage mountain peaks that grow in the short term. The trees are cut down, giving way to high-rise buildings and large shopping centers, reducing the flow of air into the lungs of citizens.The modern city is being blackened lungs with patients with a dense cap of smog over the heads of its inhabitants. Key environmental issues are added washing machines in urban ponds, picnics in the parks, which make the already sparse green areas in the smaller versions of urban landfills.Mindless consumerism and the environment leads to a slow self-destruction of urban residents, which will last you as long as people do not realize the importance of solving existing environmental problems.

Soil contamination - a problem that concerns everyone!

Soil - a natural formation, which has a set of specific properties. The structure of the soil, its composition and the mold formed by complex biological processes over manycenturies. Its main characteristic is the fertility level of which determines whether the soil is able to ensure proper growth and development of plants growing on it. Is there such a thing as natural fertility of the soil, by which is meant the level of nutrients, looseness of the structure and the presence of living organisms in all layers of the soil.

Also, the mold is formed by the accumulation of solar energy that enters into it at the expense of plant photosynthesis. Improving soil fertility, remains to be a fairly important issue. At the level of soil fertility has always affected people, and often this effect isdevastating. To date, soil pollution is global in nature and can lead to irreparable consequences. The destruction of topsoil leads inexorably to a breach of natural balance,metabolic in nature. On this basis, we can say that soil contamination can result in the destruction of other ecosystems.
Bulk soil pollution by pesticides
Since ancient times people tried to get the maximum amount of the harvest and used fora variety of tricks. However, if in ancient times, methods of influence on the soil were reduced to tricks and making the processing of some organic fertilizers, today methods of influence on the soil out on a completely different level.

The problems of soil contamination are the result of uncontrolled use of pesticides and herbicides. For the cultivation of various crops are widely used by a variety of chemicals, which lead to the accumulation of toxic substances in the soil layers. It can not affect human health, because the harvest, collected from plants grown in the poisoned soil, also contains particles of these poisons. Based on the increasing incidence of people, and the intensity of soil contamination - biodiagnostika. Pesticides to protect plants from various diseases and allow them to save the harvest. Pesticides directly into the soil, along with seeds and processed for further processing of different cultures. Soil contamination by pesticides is the most widespread. They can be for many years to be in the soil, even if it is clay soil, while not losing its destructive properties. In this land of new microorganisms will not appear for a long time. Current trends are such that people stop using so harmful to the soil and the human body, and prefer to work with pesticides to increase crop yields by other methods. Other methods of soil contamination by pesticides is not only capable of increasing levels of soil contamination. To date, treatment of soil in a variety of technical devices, which leads to the inexorable elements of soil contamination of heavy metals such as lead and mercury. These substances can enter the soil and, together with industrial waste and decomposition products of the pulp and paper industry.

Fine particles of lead can also enter the soil from vehicle exhaust. It is therefore notrecommended to cultivate the land and break the gardens next to the highways.Characterization of sources of soil pollution shows that the main enemy of the soil is aprocess whose products ruthlessly destroy it. But not always for the destruction of thetopsoil has to do with people. For example, soil erosion - a natural phenomenon. At the same time on a regular basis leads to erosion of washout of humus, leaching of nutrientsand disturbance of soil structure. Protection of soil contamination in this case should be the creation of dams and the correct placement of the different cultures that will preventsoil erosion. The soil is fertile layer recovers by self-regulation, but this process can takehundreds of years, and regular soil contamination reduces the results to zero. It is therefore necessary to take measures to restore and cleanse the soil. Only in this case,the mold will not be lost.